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- METEOR.TXT ver 8.0 APRS METEOR SCATTER
-
-
- Meteors are constantly bombarding the earths atmosphere and each one leaves
- an ionized trail. Although there is a randomness to these events, there is
- enough of a continuum to provide an almost continuous data throughput of
- around 100 baud over ranges of 500 to 1000 miles. This is usually done
- by two stations operating full duplex on separate frequencies with beam
- antennas pointing to the same area of the sky, and running the highest
- practical power levels (100% transmit duty cycle). The optimum frequency
- seems to be around 40 MHz, making the 10 meter and 6 meter bands the most
- favorable. Usually data is transmitted at high data rates 4800 or 9600
- baud so that the packet lengths are very short.
-
- Can Meteor scatter work on 2 meters? Yes and no. K1HTV and W0RPK completed
- the first packet QSO between Maryland and Iowa during a meteor shower back
- in 1984. Running very high power, and it still took 2.5 hours to complete
- the contact. My APRS station has been on 145.79 MHz 24 hours a day for 4
- years, along with hundreds of other stations across the country. In all
- that time I have seen only ONE packet from OHIO that could be attributed
- to Meteor reflection ( and it WAS during a meteor shower). HOWEVER, using
- APRS during the 95 Persieds, 18 stations saw packets over 1000 mile paths.
-
- There are TWO things we can to with APRS and METEOR SCATTER. The first
- is to play with it on 2 meters during the very predictable Meteor SHOWERS
- that happen a few times a year. The second is to begin building a 6
- meter MS network. APRS is an ideal tool for generating interesting but
- SHORT packets and for displaying and recording them.
-
-
- METEOR SHOWER EVENTS ON TWO METERS:
-
- I have implemented a MS mode in APRS to improve the probabilities of seeing
- APRS packets during a Meteor Shower (MS). These are all implemented using
- the alt-S-FORMATS-MSCATTER command:
-
- 1) Your grid square posit is placed in the TO address of your packets
- in order to get the shortest possible packet:
-
- W3XYZ>FM19DX:]$[comment^HP...
- | ||
- | |*- - P= SqrRoot(P/10): 2=40, 3=90, 5=250, 9=910
- | * - - H= heading /10: 2=20, 9=90, A=100, Z=350
- * - - - - - - - ]$[ indicates that the TO address is the
- grid square and the $ is the map symbol
-
- 2) your digipeater path is removed
- 4) CONTROLS-FILTER-DIRECT is enabled to ignore all but DIRECT packets
- 5) CONTROLS-OTHER is set to capture OTHER packets
- 6) The country is divided into four regions and everyone in each region
- transmits randomly on the same 15 second sycle. This significantly
- improves the chances that stations 500 to 1000 miles away will be
- LISTENING when a DX packet is being transmitted.
- 7) When your station transmits, it will send from 10 to 20 copies of
- your packet (.25 secs each, or about 3 seconds total). Or a full
- 15 seconds of packets if you choose 100%.
- 8) Your TNC is placed in FULL DUPLEX mode so multiple local TNC's
- will transmit at the same time, instead of collision avoidance.
- 9) The objective is to see POSITS and record HEARD logs. There is NO
- enhancement given to other APRS packets (ie, messages).
-
- In order for this to work optimally, everyone must be synchronized to
- within a few seconds of WWV! APRS will let the Northeast transmit from
- 00 to 15, then the Southeast to 30, then the Southwest to 45 and then
- the Northwest to 00. The dividing lines are 39 degrees latitude and
- 96 degrees longitude. Most Meteor showers only peak for a few days,
- so, although this mode will generate a LOT of local QRM on 145.79, it
- wont last long!
-
- TWO WAY CONTACTS: Two-ways are really only expected on 6 meters, but here
- is the procedure suggested by W0RPK and implemented in APRS72c:
-
- 1) When you see a MS packet from another station, use the INPUT-STATUS
- command to enter an Snn signal report. Send Snn/HISCALL where nn is
- the number of packets copied from that station.
-
- 2) WHen you see an Snn report from another station, send back his
- report with an R on the end: SnnR/HISCALL
-
- 3) WHen you see an SnnR from another station, send back SnnR73/HISCALL
-
- 4) WHen you see SnnR73 from the other station, then you have one
- for the record books.
-
- In all of these exchanges, the number nn will probably increment as the
- number of successfull packets accumulate. In MScat mode, APRS
- always keeps the GridSquare in the TO call, so you have to communicate
- via the comment field in the format above.
-
- DURING A METEOR SHOWER PLEASE DO THE FOLLOWING:
-
- 1) Turn off all HF GATEWAYS!
- 2) Set your UNPROTO PATH TO NONE, nothing, nadda, zip, zero
- 3) Use MAXIMUM POWER and coordinate your BEAM headings not to overlap
- the beam headings of other transmitting stations in your area
- 4) Put up with the QRM. If you need the APRS network for a special event
- POST A BULLETIN asking other locals to NOT TRANSMIT during your event.
- 5) Be sure that at least one station in your area posts a BULLETIN
- advising everyone of the MS EVENT and to NOT use digipeaters.
- 6) Check your screen daily for MS posits. Especially in the morning.
- Look at the D-LIST to be sure it was heard direct.
- 7) Only the MAP, P-list and HEARD log will be useful. The L-LIST does
- not normally update on POSITS, and a MS packet with a GDSQ in the
- address, is a POSIT. It will NOT show up on the L-LIST or A-LIST.
-
-
- METEOR SCATTER NETWORK ON 6 METERS:
-
- To make this work, we need to operate at 100 watts or more, using 9600
- baud packets. This is actually quite easy to do:
-
- 1) It is easy to find 100W surplus highway-patrol radios for about $50
- 2) The Kantronics 9612 TNC has both the 1200 and 9600 baud modems that
- can operate on both 145.79 for normal APRS, and 9600 baud on 6m for
- MScat. Transmitting normal APRS packets at the normal timings,
- however, will almost certainly not be seen.
- 3) The best way to transmit is by using any 9600 baud TNC and loading
- the grid square into the UNPROTO TO call, and placing the TNC into
- CONVERSE mode. Then periodically, a series of 10 carriage returns
- are sent to the TNC to force the generation of 10 minimal length
- position reports.
-
- On 6 meters, the objective of the network is still only to send and receive
- position reports. Remember that MS is MORE reliable than the ionosphere
- and HF. It will be a good band for reporting the position of distant
- mobiles (who can afford to run 100W on a 20% or so duty cycle!)
-
- THINGS TO DO! We need to get a NATIONWIDE 6 meter APRS tracking frequency
- AND A SEPARATE 6 meter Meteor Scatter frequency. Here is the existing
- band plan in the Washington DC/Baltimore area:
-
- 50.62 Packet backbone (defunct) XTALS in hand tho! GOOD MS freq!?
- 50.64
- 50.66
- 50.68
- 50.70 OLD RTTY FREQ
- 50.72
- 50.74
- 50.76
- 50.78 SUGGESTED APRS FREQ?
- 50.80 Lower band edge for remote control
-
- I recommend we choose a frequency FAR from the radio control OPS...
- I suggest 50.62 MHz, unless someone comes up with a better one.
-
-